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Use the following table to answer the question.

\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
Strong acids & Weak acids & Weak bases & Strong bases \\
\hline
HBr & [tex]$CH _3 COOH$[/tex] & [tex]$NH _3$[/tex] & NaOH \\
\hline
HCl & HF & [tex]$NH _4 OH$[/tex] & KOH \\
\hline
[tex]$H _2 SO _4$[/tex] & HCN & [tex]$Cu ( OH )_2$[/tex] & [tex]$Ca ( OH )_2$[/tex] \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

Which reaction yields a salt with the highest pH?

A. [tex]$KOH + H _2 SO _4$[/tex]

B. [tex]$Cu ( OH )_2 + H _2 SO _4$[/tex]

C. [tex]$NH _4 OH + HCl$[/tex]

D. [tex]$NaOH + CH _3 COOH$[/tex]

Sagot :

GinnyAnswer
To determine which reaction yields a salt with the highest pH, we need to consider the nature of the reactants and how they influence the resulting salt solution.

1. Reaction: [tex]\( KOH + H_2SO_4 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( KOH \)[/tex] is a strong base.
- [tex]\( H_2SO_4 \)[/tex] is a strong acid.
- The reaction between a strong acid and a strong base produces a neutral salt and water, typically resulting in a solution with a pH around 7.

2. Reaction: [tex]\( Cu(OH)_2 + H_2SO_4 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( Cu(OH)_2 \)[/tex] is a weak base.
- [tex]\( H_2SO_4 \)[/tex] is a strong acid.
- The reaction between a weak base and a strong acid produces a slightly acidic salt solution, resulting in a pH less than 7.

3. Reaction: [tex]\( NH_4OH + HCl \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( NH_4OH \)[/tex] (ammonium hydroxide) is a weak base.
- [tex]\( HCl \)[/tex] is a strong acid.
- The reaction between a weak base and a strong acid produces a slightly acidic salt solution, resulting in a pH less than 7.

4. Reaction: [tex]\( NaOH + CH_3COOH \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( NaOH \)[/tex] is a strong base.
- [tex]\( CH_3COOH \)[/tex] (acetic acid) is a weak acid.
- The reaction between a strong base and a weak acid produces a basic salt solution because the strong base predominates, resulting in a pH greater than 7.

Thus, among the given reactions:

- [tex]\( KOH + H_2SO_4 \)[/tex] yields a neutral solution.
- [tex]\( Cu(OH)_2 + H_2SO_4 \)[/tex] yields an acidic solution.
- [tex]\( NH_4OH + HCl \)[/tex] yields an acidic solution.
- [tex]\( NaOH + CH_3COOH \)[/tex] yields a basic solution.

Since a basic solution has the highest pH compared to neutral and acidic solutions, the reaction that yields a salt with the highest pH is:

[tex]\( NaOH + CH_3COOH \)[/tex]
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