Let's calculate the molar masses of each compound using the atomic masses of the elements involved, and provide the results with 2 decimal places.
1. Sodium hydroxide [tex]$(NaOH)$[/tex]
- Sodium (Na): 22.99 g/mol
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol
- Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol
Molar mass of NaOH:
[tex]\( \text{NaOH} = 22.99 + 16.00 + 1.01 = 40.00 \)[/tex] g/mol
2. Water [tex]$(H_2O)$[/tex]
- Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol (each)
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of [tex]\(H_2O\)[/tex]:
[tex]\( \text{H}_2\text{O} = 2 \times 1.01 + 16.00 = 2.02 + 16.00 = 18.02 \)[/tex] g/mol
3. Glucose [tex]$(C_6H_{12}O_6)$[/tex]
- Carbon (C): 12.01 g/mol (each)
- Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol (each)
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol (each)
Molar mass of [tex]\(C_6H_{12}O_6\)[/tex]:
[tex]\( \text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 = 6 \times 12.01 + 12 \times 1.01 + 6 \times 16.00 = 72.06 + 12.12 + 96.00 = 180.18 \)[/tex] g/mol
4. Calcium sulfate [tex]$(CaSO_4)$[/tex]
- Calcium (Ca): 40.08 g/mol
- Sulfur (S): 32.07 g/mol
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol (each)
Molar mass of [tex]\(CaSO_4\)[/tex]:
[tex]\( \text{CaSO}_4 = 40.08 + 32.07 + 4 \times 16.00 = 40.08 + 32.07 + 64.00 = 136.15 \)[/tex] g/mol
5. Magnesium phosphate [tex]$(Mg_3(PO_4)_2)$[/tex]
- Magnesium (Mg): 24.31 g/mol (each)
- Phosphorus (P): 30.97 g/mol (each)
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol (each)
Molar mass of [tex]\(Mg_3(PO_4)_2\)[/tex]:
[tex]\( \text{Mg}_3(\text{PO}_4)_2 = 3 \times 24.31 + 2 \times (30.97 + 4 \times 16.00) = 72.93 + 2 \times (30.97 + 64.00) = 72.93 + 2 \times 94.97 = 72.93 + 189.94 = 262.87 \)[/tex] g/mol
The final answers are:
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH): 40.00 g/mol
- Water (H₂O): 18.02 g/mol
- Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆): 180.18 g/mol
- Calcium sulfate (CaSO₄): 136.15 g/mol
- Magnesium phosphate (Mg₃(PO₄)₂): 262.87 g/mol
