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Which of the following best describes homologous genes?

A. Closely related genes found in different species
B. Similar genes found in the same organism
C. Genes that have different functions in different cells
D. Genes that are unique to an individual


Sagot :

Final answer:

Homologous genes are closely related genes found in different species that share a common ancestry, playing a role in the evolution of proteins.


Explanation:

Homologous genes are closely related genes found in different species that share a common ancestry. They can be identified by comparing protein or DNA sequences, where high similarity indicates a shared origin.

For example, the hemoglobin gene of humans and the myoglobin gene of chimpanzees are considered paralogs, which are a type of homologous genes that have diverged after duplication.

Homologous genes play an essential role in the evolution of proteins and can help trace evolutionary relationships between different species.


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