A mutation in E. coli is found that fails to induce the lac operon even when IPTG is added (IPTG is an inducer of the lac operon that enters the cell by passive diffusion). Which of the following could explain this phenotype (you may choose one or more answers)?

a. Mutation in the promoter of the lac operon.
b. Mutation in the operator of the lac operon.
c. Mutation in the repressor for the lac operon.
d. Mutation in the Z gene for beta galactosidase.
e. Mutation in the Y gene for Lac permease.
f. Mutation in the gene for adenylate cyclase.
g. Mutation in the gene for CAP (or CRP) protein h) Mutation in the gene for rho factor
i. None of the above