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the best hypothesis that geologists can make about the composition of the upper mantle is that it consists of .

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The upper mantle consists of Iron and Almunium.

Upper mantle material which has risen out onto the surface is made up of around 55% olivine and 35% pyroxene and 5 to 10% of calcium oxide and aluminum oxide. Peridotite dominates the upper mantle, which is predominantly made up of varying amounts of the minerals olivine, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and an aluminous phase. Plagioclase is the aluminous component in the topmost mantle, followed by spinel and garnet below 100 km. Pyroxenes gradually lose stability across the upper mantle and change into majoritic garnet.

There is a convective material circulation in the mantle as a result of the temperature difference between the Earth's surface and outer core as well as the capacity of the crystalline rocks at high pressure and temperature to experience slow, creeping, viscous-like deformation over millions of years.

Learn more about the upper mantle here: https://brainly.com/question/349072

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