b. +4 charges would indicate that the metal has been oxidized
What occurs when a metal oxidizes?
General corrosion is caused by the oxidation of the majority or all of the atoms on a metal surface, which results in damage to the whole surface. The majority of metals are easily oxidized; they often lose electrons to oxygen and other elements in the atmosphere or in liquids.
When an ionic chemical reaction takes place while oxygen is present on a metal's surface, metal oxidation happens. This process involves the transfer of electrons from the metal to the oxygen molecules. The resulting generation of and entry of negative oxygen ions into the metal results in the formation of an oxide surface.
A combination of iron oxides and hydroxides is known as rust in general.
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