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2.why is the reaction mixture extracted with sodium bicarbonate? give an equation and explain its relevance.

Sagot :

R - CO - OH + NaHCO3 → R - CO-O-  Na+     +  H20 + CO2

Here Sodium bicarbonate solution is used to neutralize the excess acetic acid and the acid catalyst in the reaction mixture.

In this reaction the product sodium acetate salt is formed which can be easily removed during work up because of its complete solubility in water. The exact reaction is as follows. Baking soda or bicarbonate of soda is the popular term for sodium bicarbonate, which has the chemical formula NaHCO3 and is also known by its IUPAC designation, sodium hydrogen carbonate[9]. A sodium cation (Na+) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO3) combine to form the salt. In spite of frequently appearing as a fine powder, sodium bicarbonate is a crystalline white solid. It tastes similar to washing soda, with a mildly salty, alkaline flavor (sodium carbonate). Nahcolite is a type of naturally occurring mineral. It is a part of the mineral natron and is present in many mineral springs as a dissolved substance. Due to its long history of use and variety of names, including baking soda, bread soda, cooking soda, and bicarbonate of soda, the salt is frequently seen next to baking powder in supermarkets.

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